Understanding Piles: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

What Are Piles?

Piles, also called hemorrhoids, are swollen veins in the lower part of the rectum or anus. Many people experience piles at some point in their lives. Although piles can be uncomfortable, they are usually not dangerous. In most cases, simple treatments can help manage the symptoms of piles. However, sometimes piles may need medical attention.

Symptoms of Piles

Piles can cause different symptoms. Some people may not notice any signs at all. However, others may feel discomfort or pain. Common symptoms of piles include:

Itching or irritation around the anus

Pain or discomfort, especially when sitting

Swelling or a lump near the anus

Bright red blood after passing stool

Leaking stool or mucus

Sometimes, symptoms of piles can be mild. But if you notice bleeding or severe pain, you should seek medical advice.

Causes and Risk Factors

Piles develop when the veins in the anus or rectum become swollen. This swelling can happen for several reasons. The main causes of piles include:

Straining during bowel movements

Chronic constipation or diarrhea

Sitting for long periods, especially on the toilet

Pregnancy, which puts extra pressure on the veins

Obesity

Low-fiber diet

Aging, as tissues weaken over time

In addition, family history can increase your risk. If your parents had piles, you may be more likely to get them too.

Diagnosis of Piles

Doctors can usually diagnose piles by asking about your symptoms and doing a simple physical exam. Sometimes, they may use a small tool to look inside the anus. In rare cases, further tests may be needed to rule out other problems. For example, your doctor may suggest a colonoscopy if you have unusual symptoms or are over 50 years old. Early diagnosis helps find the best treatment for piles.

Treatment Options for Piles

Treatment for piles depends on how severe the symptoms are. Many people get better with simple home care. However, some may need medical procedures. Common treatment options for piles include:

Eating more fiber to soften stools

Drinking plenty of water

Using over-the-counter creams or ointments

Taking warm baths to ease discomfort

Avoiding straining during bowel movements

In some cases, doctors may recommend minor procedures. For example, they may use rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, or surgery if other treatments do not work. Always talk to your doctor before starting any new treatment for piles.

Lifestyle Tips and Prevention

Although piles are common, you can take steps to lower your risk. Here are some tips to help prevent piles:

Eat a high-fiber diet with fruits, vegetables, and whole grains

Drink enough water every day

Exercise regularly to keep your bowels moving

Avoid sitting for long periods, especially on the toilet

Go to the bathroom as soon as you feel the urge

Do not strain during bowel movements

By following these tips, you can reduce your chances of getting piles. Even if you already have piles, these habits can help manage symptoms and prevent them from getting worse.

When to See a Doctor

Most cases of piles improve with home care. However, you should see a doctor if you:

Have heavy or ongoing bleeding

Notice a lump that does not go away

Experience severe pain or swelling

See changes in your bowel habits

Sometimes, other health problems can cause similar symptoms. Therefore, it is important to get a proper diagnosis. Your doctor can help you find the right treatment for piles and rule out more serious conditions.

In summary, piles are a common but manageable condition. If you experience symptoms like pain, bleeding, or discomfort, do not ignore them. Early consultation with a specialist can help you manage and treat piles effectively.

For personalized guidance and treatment options, consult a specialist at Saroj Hospital.

Take control of your health—schedule a consultation today.